Abandonment and Struggle on a Farm Essay -- Literary Analysis

Straightforwardness, particularly in verse, can be a frequently misjudged and ignored strategy for passing on a significant and broadened message. Ted Kooser, an American artist and author, is notable for his ‘simplistic’ style of composing and has been depicted as utilizing a â€Å"[H]onest, open verse†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Ted Kooser: The Poetry Foundation). Kooser was conceived in Iowa and now dwells in Nebraska. Both Iowa and Nebraska are arranged in the Midwestern United States, a zone noted for its provincial scene and populace. Kooser’s rustic foundation and ‘accessible verse’ are exceedingly obvious in his sonnet â€Å"Abandoned Farmhouse†. The sonnet is as a perception of a deserted farmhouse, it deduces insights regarding the house and the family that lived in it through lifeless things just as the state of the house and encompassing farmland. Utilizing non-literal language gadgets, for example, comparison, similitude, and representation Ko oser permits the peruser to reach their own inferences. Too, Kooser permits the peruser to fill in the holes in his composition, in any case, he makes subjects in this sonnet are difficult to overlook and hence they should be recognized. Topics of surrender and a battling family are predominant in â€Å"Abandoned Farmhouse† and they help loan to the more extensive topical reason for the sonnet which hopes to give a knowledge on country life, especially the real factors and difficulties of living on a homestead. Utilizing the non-literal instruments referenced already, Kooser makes a picture of an unfilled and dismissed farmhouse and utilizations it as an emblematic portrayal for the difficulties experienced in cultivating and the strain it can put on a family. During the 1980s, numerous ranchers in the Midwest were coming up short on business quickly and found that they couldn't remain in the agribusiness indust... ...ation the storyteller in â€Å"Abandoned Farmhouse† can recount to the tale of a battling family on a ranch while introducing the possibility of deserting, of the homestead and of the family. The surmisings made on attributes of the homestead and lifeless things dispersed all through it permit the storyteller to presume that something turned out badly on the ranch and with the family. The sonnet, and the perceptions made all through it, is a portrayal of the troubles looked in provincial life and the strain that it can put on a family. The awful completion proposed in the sonnet represents the battles that a ranch can introduce and gives a knowledge into the real factors of homestead life. Works Cited Emergency in Agriculture. n.d. Site. 2 April 2012. Kooser, Ted. Relinquished Farmhouse. ENG 105B: Poems for Essay #2. 2012. Ted Kooser: The Poetry Foundation. 2010. Site. 2 April 2012.

Management of a Patients Needs Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4750 words

The executives of a Patients Needs - Essay Example Every year, more than 75,000 revealed passings in the UK is related with diabetes mellitus (Type 1 and 2). Different confusions related with the condition (diabetes mellitus) incorporate, for example, removal, kidney disappointment, and visual deficiency. It is evaluated that every year, more than 6000 individuals in the UK who are diabetic experience the removal of either leg or foot. Specialists in the clinical field additionally battle that if the present pattern in the UK proceeds, the removal rate will increase (McInnes, 2012). On another note, the consumption on diabetes care by the NHS is nearly arriving at the  £10billion mark, which is about 10% of NHS complete spending plan. The greater part of the costs will in general cook for the administration of avoidable inconveniences. On the other hand, other than direct expenses, there are additionally aberrant costs that expansion the figure to around  £ 23.7 billion. Be that as it may, among the most expensive results of diab etes in the UK is the quantity of clinic confirmations. It is assessed that at any one time, averagely 15% of inpatients in the medical clinics are recorded as patients with diabetes (NHS, 2012). The legislature recognizes the antagonistic impacts of diabetes on its residents and has thought of a dream that objectives the consideration of diabetes under the NSF (National Service Framework for Diabetes). On the opposite finish of the range, upgrades being taken care of by diabetes are as yet required because of its expanded predominance. For example, there is the requirement for a multidisciplinary approach in the treatment of complexities related with diabetes, for example, FDUs

How to Write the Northwestern Supplement TKG

How to Write the Northwestern Supplement Northwestern is a prestigious private school that has aspects of a big, midwestern state school. In addition to rigorous academics, an incredible location on the coast of Lake Michigan, Northwestern is also a part of the Big 10. Some would say Northwestern has it all: Division 1 sports, access to the bustling city life of Chicago (only 30 minutes away by train), and is located in Evanston, one of the most culturally diverse towns in the country.Northwestern’s optional “Why Us” supplement essay is fairly straightforward.Other parts of your application give us a sense for how you might contribute to Northwestern. But we also want to consider how Northwestern will contribute to your interests and goals. In 300 words or less, help us understand what aspects of Northwestern appeal most to you, and how you'll make use of specific resources and opportunities here. (300 word maximum)You probably know by now what we think of the words “optional essay.” They’re not optional. (don†™t hate the player, hate the game).Break Down the QuestionWriting a great “why this school” supplement isn’t rocket science. But it is important to pay attention to the unique wording of each supplement prompt. Here, Northwestern asks you to elaborate on how you’ll make use of “specific resources and opportunities.” They’re not trying to trick you. They’re actually being incredibly straightforward. What they are doing is literally asking for specifics. And asking for specifics means one thing: they want you to do your research. Show them you care about their school (and that you know how to properly operate Google). They want to know what aspects of Northwestern appeal to you. Is it the class sizes? The school community? The proximity to a big city? Their journalism program?  For this essay, there’s no need to take huge creative risks. That said…Show Them You Mean BusinessWe’ve heard it before and we’ve been there ourselves: picking a major is hard. Sure, so me of you lucky ducks have known you’ve wanted to be a speech pathologist since 6th grade, and know every prerequisite and lab you will ever need to take in college. Mazel Tov to you. But many of us enter college with a vague idea of a future career and maybe a couple of different subjects that we’d like to explore.This is the time to listen to your instincts and choose a major. Trust us, this is going to make writing about the specifics of Northwestern’s resources and opportunities so.much.easier. Think about your strengths in school. Are you a voracious reader who can’t get enough Tolstoy and Shakespeare? Safe to say you might enjoy majoring in English Literature. Or perhaps you’re obsessed with World War II and watch way too much History Channel. History it is. You get the point.Whatever major you choose, do some deep stalking of their department website. Read through their curriculum requirements. Pick not one but two classes that speak to you. And we’re not talking about Intro to Poetry. Pretty much every school in the country offers Econ 101. Choose an advanced class, likely a 200-level or above, that is a unique offering to Northwestern. Talk about why those classes interest you, and how they fit into your goals. Show them you know how to contextualize your interests, and that you’re going to be a proactive, involved student. Because of course you are, right?Don’t Forget the Non-Academic Stuff At the end of the day, they’re vetting you. They want to make sure they’re getting a student who will be engaged and excited to participate in the multitudes of extracurricular activities they offer. If you went on a college tour, then mention some specific aspects of the campus life that stood out to you. But don’t talk about the tour or the beautiful campus. They know it’s pretty. Take a look at Northwestern’s student activity website. Choose a couple of programs or organizations that you want to be involved in. Just make sure your pick s don’t come out of left field. We know it might sound cool to join the Buddhist Meditation Club, (and totally join once you’re on campus!), but if you haven’t shown an interest in that sort of thing before, it will sound quite random in this context. If you have a habit of volunteering, pick a similar organization that will complement that interest.The End. You only have 300 words here. Not exactly enough room to write the stuff of the Great American Novel. But that’s lucky for you, because it means you don’t have to meander aimlessly for a hundred words or so on your conclusion. Keep it concise and relevant here. Tie it all up. Reference your intro. Voilà. You’ve written the Northwestern supplement.If you need help with Northwestern or any other supplement, reach out to us.

Bullying And Its Effect On Children - 1072 Words

There are many non-violent ways in which a Christian should respond to any type of bullying. These can include physical bullying, social bullying, cyberbullying and many more. Bullying is the act of intentionally harming others through harassment, assault or manipulation. Source A is an example of how a student had been bullied in grade school. When they got to a bigger school called Junior High, they had less chance to interact. One day that student had come to the cafeteria where the other student was eating lunch. Unexpectedly, he came over and started punching the other student on the arm. That student had enough of him and stood up for himself by taking the other student and pushing him back up against the wall telling him to never touch me again. He never did. There are a number of reasons for the Christian approach to bullying using the bible passages of John, Matthew and Luke. One way in which a Christian should respond to bullying in the area or active non violence is by supporting faith and truthfulness. 22 When Jesus said this, one of the officials nearby slapped him in the face. â€Å"Is this the way you answer the high priest?† he demanded. 23 â€Å"If I said something wrong,† Jesus replied, â€Å"testify as to what is wrong. But if I spoke the truth, why did you strike me?†(John 18:22-23). In John 18:22-23, Jesus was being bullied by an officer and he countered with a question. When he had said these things, one of the officers standing by struck Jesus with his hand,Show MoreRelatedThe Effects of Bullying on Children1344 Words   |  5 Pages Bullying in schools is believed to be a normal part of school life, however, when people begin to have this mentality, they forget that bullying is physically and psychologically harmful to both the bully and the victim, therefore, bullying must be eradicated from schools by raising awareness and increasing supervision. The act of bullying or the fear of being bullied underlies almost everything kids do these days. No longer can students leave the gossip and self-doubt at school and go home forRead MoreBullying And Its Effects On Children1413 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Bullying is considered to be aggressive behavior that is repeated or has the potential to be repeated, over a period of time. The actions of bullying can include spreading rumors, making threats, verbally or physically attacking someone, or purposely isolating someone from a group. As children attempt to make sense of traumatic events, new behavioral problems can stem from re-experienced occurrences. Some children affected may disassociate themselves from the situations and absorb themselvesRead MoreBullying And Its Effects On Children1476 Words   |  6 Pagesseveral decades, bullying has spread significantly. It has been present all over the world for as long as people can remember. And when technology was released, it created new ways for people to communicate, which made bullying become even worse than before. Adults, teenagers, and children that are all the same are being bullied. Bullying can take form in many different ways, as well as it can affect the victim, and people ar e also able to stop the behavior. THE TYPES OF BULLYING A bullying victim canRead MoreBullying And Its Effects On Children1181 Words   |  5 PagesBullying is unwanted behavior that causes a child to feel isolated and alone. In order for an act to be considered bullying the act has to be, or be able to be repeated multiple times. Bullying can be done verbally by teasing, name-calling, taunting or inappropriate sexual comments directed at someone to purposefully upset them. Bullying can be done socially by isolating students on purpose, telling other students not to play with them, spreading rumors about students or attempting to embarrassRead MoreBullying And Its Effect On Children1528 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Bullying can happen anywhere and to anyone whether it is online or in person. It can happen at school, in your neighborhood, or while your on-line. â€Å"Bullying is when someone is being hurt by words or by actions on purpose.† â€Å"Cyberbullying is using technology - internet, email, cell phones, social media, pictures - to hurt or harm someone.† It can have a major effect on the bully and the victim both. But, bullying is not just name calling, it is also teasing, spreading rumors, leavingRead MoreBullying And Its Effect On Children1366 Words   |  6 Pagescausing this behavior. Primary school is an especially tough time for our young ones. If educators are really looking to put an end to bullying, they have to attack it from the root of the problem (Linder-Altman). What a child is wearing will not get them bullied, it depends on the bully. Making uniforms mandatory in efforts to decrease bullying, only teaches our children that the only way to be accepted is by conforming which is not what we should be pushing for. It’s important to attack the problemRead MoreBullying And Its Effect On Children1533 Words   |  7 PagesBullying can happen anywhere and to anyone whether it is online or in person. It can happen at school, in your neighborhood, or while your on-line. â€Å"Bullying is when someone is being hurt by words or by actions on purpose.† â€Å"Cyberbullying is using technology - internet, email, cell phones, social media, pictures - to hurt or harm someone.† It can have a major effect on the bully and the victim both. But, bullying is not just name calling, it is also teasing, spreading rumors, leaving someone outRead MoreBullying And Its Effects On Children864 Words   |  4 PagesKerianna Rimmer Have you ever been bullied? Have you ever bullied someone? Bullying has become a huge issue. It is occurring all across the world. There are a few different types of bullying, which I will be discussing. First, bullying is unwanted, aggressive behavior among children. The behavior is repeated, or has the potential of being repeated. Both kids who bully and are bullied may have serious, lasting problems. Bullying is a form of behavior in which someone repeatedly and intentionally causesRead MoreBullying And Its Effects On Children1990 Words   |  8 Pagesmore than 160,000 children miss school out of fear of being bullied, according to National Education Association estimates. Bullying takes many forms, ranging from the seemingly innocuous name-calling to the more harmful cyberbullying to severe physical violence. It happens everywhere, at all times to the most vulnerable of kids, especially those who are obese, gay or have a disability. And besides the physical, emotional and psychological tolls it imposes on victims, bullying produces adverse socioeconomicRead MoreBullying And Its Effect On Children1144 Words   |  5 PagesBullying is found in elementary, middle, and high school all around the world. School bullying occurs at similar rates such as cultures, countries and educational settings. It can take many direct and indirect forms, like physical violence, name calling, taunting, teasing, horrible rumors, and social exclusion. Since the late 90’s, several school shootings committed by the victims of the school bullying have brought media attention to the issue. First, bullying depends upon imbalance of power,

Analysis Of A Raisin In The Sun - 1858 Words

Set in the late 1950s at the height of Civil Rights Movements in America, A Raisin in the Sun is a reflection of the true African American life at that era. At the time of the setting of the novel, America was undergoing a period of conformism with rapid growth of urban population and a robust development of the commercial culture. Racism and prejudice against the black was the order of the day and families struggled to come out of vicious cycles of poverty instituted by the already abolished slave trade. This, compounded with social resentment, spurred the uprising by the civil rights activists, of whom a considerable number were women. A Raisin in the Sun exhibits these struggles of an African American through its plot and characters.†¦show more content†¦Exposing contentious issues in the society through a black character elevated the state of the black community during such a time when their voice did not count as much. Despite the air of racism and discrimination that fills the atmosphere of the book, a common drive that is evident is the dreams that the characters of the book have. The motivating force behind the main characters in the book is the power of dreams and hoping for a change of their circumstances in the future (Emery 21). In a great way, the grip that the characters have on their aspirations relieves them off the sight of their daily struggles and hard work. As one of its inspirations, the book informs the reader of the undying determination of a black family in the pursuit to overcome their challenges and maintain a family that uplifts each other. There is an ever present grow to keep the family hope alive, with anticipation for a better tomorrow. The main characters find themselves surrounded by despotic circumstances that they have to overcome by keeping to the course of chasing their dreams. Despite having the lows of life where some of the characters question reality and the possibility of their dreams, there is a constant desire to keep pushing. Sourced from the title of the story, one of the characters questions whether some of the far-fetched dreams would ever come to pass or they will just wither away just as â€Å"a raisin inShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of A Raisin In The Sun1185 Words   |  5 PagesArianna Williams-Smart English 1B Professor Quinn Final Essay The epigraph to A Raisin in the Sun is Langston Hughes poem called A Dream Deferred which was written as an example of life in harlem. The lines are a introduction to the white societys actions to take away equal opportunity from black citizens. Hughes main point is that there could be consequences when peoples frustrations build up or accumulate to the point where they have to either surrender their dreams or allow strenuousRead More Analysis of A Raisin in the Sun Essay1267 Words   |  6 PagesA Raisin in the Sun Analysis Upon walking out of Krannerts production of A Raisin in the Sun, an eerie silence drizzled about the audience as people murmured and slowly shuffled towards the exits. After witnessing such a powerful yet melancholy piece of theater work, words seemed inappropriate. For three hours, A Raisin in the Sun encompassed us with racial, economic, and social issues of the 1950s. Swirling portions of humor, disgrace, pride, and sadness into a smooth blend, the play developedRead MoreA Raisin In The Sun Analysis768 Words   |  4 Pagesbeing able to reach this goal. Mama has the dream of owning her own house, Walter wants to be able to open a liquor store, Beneatha wants to go to school to become a doctor, and Ruth wants to move out of their current apartment. In the play A Raisin in the Sun, Lorraine Hansberry shows the effect of a deferred dream in Walter Lee’s character. Walter Lee, at the beginning of the play is hopeful to reach his dream. He expresses his excitement to Ruth and explains how his family’s life would be differentRead MoreA Raisin In The Sun Analysis784 Words   |  4 Pagescharacter from Lorraine Hansberry’s A Raisin In The Sun, because throughout the book readers see her talk about her aspirations in life and everyone always tells her she is aiming too high. They tell her that she should not be so bold and to settle and do what a typical woman should, but she is so driven she refuses to let them degrade her and her dream. She continues to push for what she wants no matter what anyone says. Throughout the book A Raisin In The Sun Beneatha appears to be insensitive,Read MoreA Raisin in the Sun: An Analysis723 Words   |  3 Pages Raisin in the Sun What does Mamas plant represent and how does its symbol evolve over the course of the play? The plant that Mama cherishes and nurtures is used as a powerful symbol throughout the play. At the time the play was presented, African Americans were struggling to gain justice on several fronts. The Civil Rights Movement was in full swing and the Black community was pushing forward, although their status as a culture was in doubt. The plant symbolizes the actual status of AfricanRead MoreAnalysis Of A Raisin In The Sun863 Words   |  4 Pages Throughout â€Å"A Raisin in the Sun† by Lorraine Hansberry, the author describes the struggle of an African-American family by the name of the Youngers, to work together so that every member of the family has a better future. While there are many characters that affect the plot line of the play. Two major characters, Walter Lee Younger and Lena Younger (Mama), influence the plot of â€Å"A Raisin in the Sun† to the highest degree. Whenever Walter’s wife or other family members try to argue against his opinionRead MoreAnalysis of A Raisin in the Sun2138 Words   |  9 Pagesrepresentation of the white race of that time, Walter Lees handling Mr. Lindner in A Raisin In the Sun, and the oppression of Clay caused by Lula in The Dutchman, the very the nature of white and black relations and racism in America, and the responses to the oppression, that these two characters come to symbolize the great Era that their creators belonged to. While the overall plot progression of A Raisin in the Sun circulates around many characters and their motives, goals, and ways through whichRead MoreA Raisin In The Sun Archetypal Analysis1452 Words   |  6 Pagesbe an emotion that is universally felt by others that have encountered similar situations and in turn may result in those people forming the same mentality and character. Correspondingly, any piece of work can be approached through an archetypal analysis that enables one to gain insight into the conventional and universal experiences within the society of which that form of literature is based upon. These repeating and shared experiences are especially prevalent in the literature of the 1950s, asRead MoreCharacter Analysis Of A Raisin Of The Sun Essay845 Words   |  4 PagesWriting Assignment 4: Character Analysis of â€Å"A Raisin in the Sun† The male protagonist of this story is Walter Lee Younger, an African American, who plays the roles of a son, husband, father, and brother. The story is set in a Chicago Southside apartment, â€Å"sometime between World War II and the present [1959]† (Hansberry 919). Walter is physically described as â€Å"a lean, intense young man in his middle thirties, inclined to quick nervous movements and erratic speech habits—and always in his voiceRead MoreCharacter Analysis Of Beneatha In A Raisin In The Sun1487 Words   |  6 PagesCharacter Analysis â€Å" A Raisin in the Sun† is a play written by Lorraine Hansberry about the life of an African American family during the era of segregation. The play starts off with the Younger family receiving a 10,000 dollar check from Mr. Younger’s insurance policy. The family argues over what they are going to do with it. Mama wants to buy a house with it, Walter wants to invest in a liquor store, and Beneatha wants to use the money to go to medical school. The contrast of the characters’ personalities

Bowlbys Theory of Attachments - 854 Words

John Bowlby’s Theory Attachment is a strong and emotional bond that develops over time between two individuals that is reciprocal. 1. THE THEORY * Bowlby’s theory suggests that attachment is evolutionary and is needed to aid survival. * He did observational research to link orphans with psychological damage. * Babies are helpless and rely on adults. They make instinctive decisions because they haven’t actually learnt anything yet. Bowlby said that babies must be genetically programmed to form attachments with others because this will help them to survive. * Five key aspects to Bowlby’s theory: * Attachment is adaptive and aids survival. * Babies have an innate need for care – social releasers (built†¦show more content†¦* The results show a link between deprivation and criminal behaviour but there may be other causes and factors. * Bowlby was asking the participants to look back and recall separations (retrospective data). These memories may not be accurate. Bowlby designed and conducted the experiment himself. This may have lead to biased results, particularly as he was responsible for making the diagnosis of affectionless psychopathy. * A bigger sample size should’ve been used to obtain more accurate and reliable results. 3. EVALUATION OF HIS THEORY * Bowlby’s ideas have had a great influence on the way researchers thought about attachment and much of the discussion of his theory has focused on his belief in monotropy. Although Bowlby may not dispute young children from multiple attachments, he still contends that the attachment to the mother is unique in this it is the first to appear and remains the strongest of all. * Schaffer and Emerson (1964) noted that specific attachments started at about 8 months and, very shortly thereafter, the infants became attached to other people. By 18 months very few (13%) were attached to only one person; some had five or more attachments. This criticises Bowlby’s idea of having to have continuous care from one mother figure as well as Bowlby’s view of the critical period and monotropy. * Rutter (1978) points out that several indicators of attachment (such asShow MoreRelatedBowlbys Theory Of Attachment1378 Words   |  6 PagesBowlby (1969) a nd his theory of attachment: An example of an extreme nature theorist is Bowlby (1969) and his theory of attachment. Bowlby believed that all mental health and behavioural problems could be linked to early childhood health. Bowlby’s theory suggests that all children are biologically pre-programmed to form relationships and attachments with others before they are even born for survival and that the fear of strangers in babies and young children represents an important survival mechanismRead MoreBowlbys Attachment Theory And Attachment1274 Words   |  6 PagesAccording to Simply Psychology, Bowlby’s attachment theory says an individual can have an attachment with someone that is not shared. Attachment is characterized by behaviors in children such as seeking proximity with their attachment figure when upset. Bowlby’s experiments led him to see the importance of a child and mother relationship. (Saul McLeod, 2009) With more research later came four phases of attachment. Phase one is from birth to two months, this stage is where babies seek comfort, andRead MoreBowlbys Attachment Theory Essay1943 Words   |  8 PagesBowlbys Attachment Theory Findings form animal studies were a powerful influence on Bowlbys thoughts. He suggested too that there was a critical period for the development of attachments between infant and care giver. According to Bowlby infants display an innate tendency to become attached to one particular individual. He called this monotropy. He suggested this tendency was qualitatively different from any subsequent attachment a child might form. However, heRead MoreJohn Bowlbys Theories of Attachment Theory949 Words   |  4 Pagesdo not develop in a void or as â€Å"individual monads† but as members of interacting systems. Bowlby developed his theory on attachment for several decades, and at a time where any dealings with childhood trauma were still rigorously influenced by Freudian psychoanalysis through the likes of psychoanalysts such Anna Freud or Melanie Klein. Even Winnicott was â€Å"revulsed† upon reading Bowlbys papers (siegel). It certainly was a bitter pill to swallow for psychoanalysts who had been repeating since FreudRead MoreModifications of Bowlbys Attachment Theory Essay1724 Words   |  7 PagesModifications of Bowlbys Attachment Theory Bowlbys original theory of attachment was concerned with the bonding relationship that develops between an infant and his primary caregiver. He believed the process of bonding to have a biological basis as the genes of those infants who successfully sought the protection of a caregiver (from predators and other dangers) will have survived and been passed on. Bowlby also formulated the Maternal Deprivation hypothesis (1953)Read MoreBowlby’s Attachment Theory Essay example1156 Words   |  5 PagesBowlby’s attachment theory has greatly influenced practice. His theory of attachment explains the importance of having a figure that the child shares a strong bond with. Having an attachment can significantly support a child’s development as Barbara Woods suggests that â€Å"his theory of attachment proposed that attachment is innate in both infants and mothers, and that the formation of this attachment is crucial for the infants development† Wood, B (2001, p.53). Bowlby believed that forming an attachmentRead MoreJohn Bowlbys Attachment Theory Essay2161 Words   |  9 PagesJohn Bowlby’s attachment theory established that an infant’s earliest relationship with their primary caregiver or mother shaped their later development and characterized their human life, â€Å"from the cradle to the grave† (Bowlby, 1979, p. 129). The attac hment style that an infant develops with their parent later reflects on their self-esteem, well-being and the romantic relationships that they form. Bowlby’s attachment theory had extensive research done by Mary Ainsworth, who studied the mother-infantRead MoreLearning Theory Of Attachment And The Other Being Bowlbys Evolution Theory1692 Words   |  7 Pageslater life. Attachment theories are studied and the effect of no attachment or disrupted attachment is studied and aimed to be resolved. John Bowlby defined attachment as the emotional and physical connection that makes two people stay close to one another. It is between children and their primary caregivers (Psychologistworld.com, 2016). This essay will discuss and evaluate two theories of attachment: one being Dollard and Miller’s learning theory of attachment and the other being Bowlby’s evolutionRead MoreJohn Bowlbys Path to Developing the Attachment Theory Essay593 Words   |  3 Pagesmany different theories on this subject, but a well-known theory is the Attachment Theory written by John Bowlby in the mid-twentieth century. John Bowlby born on February 26, 1907, was a twentieth century psychologist who contributed too many modern day psychoanalytic theories. At a young age he hardly saw his mother due to the fact that she believed, like many other mothers at that time, affection and attention would lead to spoiling of the child. So he developed a deep attachment to his nanny sinceRead MoreHow Has Bowlby’s Original Formulation of Attachment Theory Essay example2374 Words   |  10 PagesBowlby’s (1946) original formulation of attachment theory drew upon both psychoanalytic and ethol ogical theory and generated a significant amount of subsequent research. The core principle behind Bowlby’s theory was that the formation of a stable, healthy attachment with a caregiver in the early years of life is the key for an infants’ future emotional, social and cognitive development. Bowlby explained that this primary attachment relationship develops because infants need a mechanism to ensure

Weingart Aircraft Paper Summary

Question: Discuss about the Weingart Aircraftfor Paper Summary. Answer: Introduction The Weingart Aircrafts President, Ralph Larsen discovered that the organization was experiencing serious problems regarding its quality, yet the aircraft focused on its profitability instead of investing in the sustainability of the organization. In fact, if the company fails to act on the quality issues immediately, its valued profits will surely drop (Zafar Naveed, 2017). The President has thus sought the services of the organizational development practitioners who seemed to have recommended the implementation of the Total Quality Management strategy, an argument that is supported by Cummings and Worley (2015). The president thought that the TQM implementation is simple. He delegated the duties to the subordinates in hope that they can act on this simple techniques. According to Sethuraman and Suresh (2014), the president viewed the strategy as common sense aspects thus thought he could not waste time in it. Outline of Change Problem Macro Problem Weingart Aircraft is almost losing its valued and loyal customers who have appeared affected by their poor quality products. The poor quality is putting the companys image into disrepute thus hurting the brand thus affirming Codreanus (2010) findings. Micro Problem The management valued the profit maximization strategy The profits rarely matches the companys rank thus exposing serious prospects of falling Causes of the Problem The quality problem is the issue at hand and the top managers have already identified it as the companys major issue. From the top management, the president seems to have exposed the source of the problem as explained by Todnem (2007). He confirmed that the organization never prioritized the adoption of TQM into the aircrafts culture. This indicated that the support of the top management is lacking (Lunenburg, 2010). The TQM program as recommended was never clearly identified. This indicates that that the managers lacked proper training on the way forward. Diagnostic model Tichys TPC framework is critical in identifying the problems Weingarts problems based on the technical, political, and cultural (TPC) as explained by Jobber and Lucas (2000). The framework is effective as it integrates the general management and marketing management between strategic groups. Source: Jobber, Lucas, 2000 Cultural: - Weingart Aircraft requires a flat management authority and hierarchy to facilitate the communication aspects. This strategy would ease the control of various companies. The lack of MIS and cross-functional teams continue to affect organizations performance. Political: - The organization has failed to convey the firms objectives and vision. The managers of Weingart just follow instructions without questioning them. This has made it difficult for it to empower the workforce thus disrupting the bond of trust between managers and employees (Sethuraman Suresh, 2014). Similarly, the external and internal clients have experienced the lack of support from the managements. Therefore, the aircraft lacks proper leadership, support, training, and reward and feedback system. Technical: - This aircraft lacks the management information systems thus making it difficult for the company to allow the employees network efficiently as a team (Senior Swailes, 2016). With the bad quality, it is evident that poor training is an issue alongside the improper quality inspections, out-dated technology, and measurement instruments. Brief Overview of Next Steps Kotter model of leadership provides eight steps on how an organization can adopt change (Lewis, 2011; Sethuraman Suresh, 2014) Establishing the urgency sense Creating a guiding coalition Developing clear vision Communicating the vision Empowering people to allow them act Creating short-term wins Consolidating the gains Institutionalizing the change Conclusion Weingart Aircraft suffers the worst situation that threatens its reputation and image because of poor quality. With the Tichys TPC framework, it proves possible to diagnose the organizational change. References Codreanu, A. (2010). Organizational Change: A Matter of Individual and Group Behavior Transformation. Journal of Defense Resources Management, 1(1), 49-56. Cummings, T. G., Worley, C. G. (2015). Organization Development and Change 10th Ed. Stamford, CT: Cengage Learning. Jobber, D. Lucas, G.J. (2000). The Modified Tichy TPC Framework for Pattern Matching and Hypothesis Development in Historical Case Study Research. Strategic Management Journal, 21(8), 865-874. Lewis, L. K. (2011). Organizational Change: Creating Change through Strategic Communication. Chichester, West Sussex, U.K: Wiley-Blackwell. Lunenburg, F. C. (2010). Approaches to managing Organizational Change. International Journal of Scholarly Academic Intellectual Diversity, 12(1), 1-10. Senior, B. Swailes, S. (2016). Organizational Change, 5edn. New York: Pearson Higher Education. Sethuraman, K. Suresh, J. (2014). Effective Leadership Styles. International Business Research, 7(9), 165. Todnem, R. (2007). Organizational Change Management: A Critical Review. Journal of change Management, 5(4), 369-380. Zafar, F. Naveed, K. (2017). Organizational Change and Dealing with Employees Resistance. International Journal of Management Excellence, 2(3).

Peaceful Home free essay sample

Professor Roach English 1A 11 March 2013 My Peaceful Second Home: The Diamond Why does every person need a place of comfort and peace? So they can relax and enjoy the quality of life. My special place is the baseball field. The baseball diamond is my peaceful place for countless reasons. Like Gary Kamiya said in the story, Life, Death and Spring. â€Å"Its good to have a place where you can go to watch the world get old and young, live and die. † Mine is the baseball field. The field is covered with tan dirt, fine cut green grass. The game’s season is in spring because of the perfect weather. It’s the most relaxing but also most intense sport at the same time, which makes it such a great sport. It requires patience and persistence. I think it’s one of my peaceful places because of the combination of the being outside in the fresh air and the game itself. We will write a custom essay sample on Peaceful Home or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The sound of the bat connecting with the baseball is one of my favorite sounds of baseball. Especially when you hit the â€Å"sweet spot† of the bat where the ball jumps off the bat perfectly and travels far. Also the soft thud sound when catching a baseball, and my teammates cheering me on while I’m up to bat. The music in between innings, and the walk up songs create a good vibe. The fans going wild when a good play is made is something I enjoy as well. Farley 2 Feeling on the seams of the baseball when I throw it, and my black leather glove are some other things that I like about the sport. The feeling of butterflies and the thrill in tight situations where you have to clutch up are more reasons. I call this peace because I look forward to this sport and t relieves me from stress. Even though baseball can be stressful in tough situations, It gives you a good feeling when you preform well under pressure. There are many things and examples a baseball player can explain to you why they love the game. â€Å"It’s my place of peace and a place I cherish,† like Gary said in Life, Death and Spring. The game is 90% mental and 10% physical which makes the game unique. Like the ranch for Gary Kamiya, the baseball field is a place during spring where I enjoy staying because it provides me with peace.

myth of cupid and psyche essays

myth of cupid and psyche essays The myth of Cupid and Psyche is recurrent throughout Indo-Aryan cultures, from Scotland to India. The best known version of it is perhaps the Germanic fairy-story Cinderella (Slade 2003). However, the earliest documented version is by Apuleius in his book The Golden Asse (Apuleius 1566). Apuleiuss tale about a man, Lucuis, who gets turned into an ass, includes the myth of Cupid and Psyche as an application of the central theme of the book into the wider realm of mythos. The central theme in both stories is the consequences that come with the attempted satisfaction of curiosity. Bulfinchs version (Bulfinch 1855) is more meant for children and public readers, while Apuleiuss tale is directed towards the elite of society. This is why Bulfinch censored many facts of Apuleiuss story, such as the near death of Cupid by the oil, the murderous Psyche who plots with her sisters to cut off her husbands head, and the tale Psyches sisters tell her about her husband being a great serpent full of deadly poison with a ravenous and gaping throat, (Apuleis 1566) who is waiting for the death of his child so that he can devour both the infant and his wife. Bulfinch tells the tale of Cupid and Psyche much more simpler than Apuleius, while still guarding some of the same themes. A theme emphasized by Apuleius is the growing from a child to a mother, as Psyche did. Cupid and Psych are often portrayed as children by Bulfinch. Cupid, mischievous enough in his own nature (Bulfinch 1855), is described as having golden ringlets and a snow-white neck, characteristic of children. He is a servant still to his mother, and is even described by Psyche as a beautiful youth. There is no mention of Psyches pregnancy in Bulfinchs version until the very end, and it is assumed the child was conceived after her trials were completed. Apuleius, however, describes cupid as rash and hardy, who...

Challenge facing the electric utility industry Scholarship Essay

Challenge facing the electric utility industry - Scholarship Essay Example As stated by the American Council For an Energy Efficient Economy, spending of various utilities in the United States has increased from $1.6 billion in 2006 to around $5.9 billion. Reserves from energy efficiency programs amounted to close to 22.9 million MWh in 2011. This was a 20% increase from 2010. Energy efficiency programs have been supported by utilities as they are cheaper than building power lines and plants. Electric sales are not increasing because many businesses and individuals are using solar panels. According to the Interstate renewable Energy Council, in 2008, photovoltaic installations increased from around 1,000 MW to 7,250 MW. These installations are reducing electric sales. Usage of solar is expected to increase as the prices are dropping. Over the years, demand growth on improved efficiency has been reducing. According to the Energy Information Administration, they expect demand to grow in the United States by 0.9% only yearly through 2040. Consumption of electricity reduced when Americas economy was in recession. Utilities in the U.S. are spending billions in new transmission lines and pollution control projects. An increase in demand growth would assist the utilities in spreading the costs across an increasing customer base. Howland, Ethan. â€Å"The four greatest challenges utilities face in 2014.† Utility Dive. 9 December 2013. Web. 10 March. 2015.

Psychiatric Nursing Reflective journals Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Psychiatric Nursing Reflective journals - Essay Example To my queries, she had just stared at me as if she was scared but today she called me up. Seizing the opportunity, I moved up. Nervously pulling me to her side and looking around to ensure that nobody was within hearing distance, she whispered in my ear. Her neighbor was plotting to kill her and her husband, it seemed. She had heard noises from her backyard which sounded like gunshots when she had been in the kitchen at home. Her movements appeared jerky and speech was not incoherent but appeared monotonous. Realizing that her suspicious and guarded nature was characteristic of her condition, paranoid schizophrenia, I pretended to be a good listener to gain her confidence. She claimed that the neighbor of around her age was attracted to her and was eyeing her sexually. Several times he had approached her for sexual favors. She had told her husband about this but he did not believe her. At times the neighbor had thrown stones at her house when she was alone and had rung the doorbell s everal times. Each time she went to the door, there would be no one. Saying all of this at one go, she quickly pushed me aside when she noticed the nursing supervisor arriving. When the supervisor had left, Mrs. Jones again strode up to me and caught my attention. She told me that her husband was a good man but he did not believe her stories and told me to keep what she told a secret. Half an hour later, Mrs. Jones did not appear to want to talk with me. When I smiled at her, she seemed to have no recognition. I was a little taken back by the stony look on her face. Her husband had told me that she was a receptionist in a hotel and very much appreciated by the others and customers. Believing that she was then well, she had stopped her treatment. He had not noticed the medicines not being taken. This had triggered this episode. She had also not kept her appointments with the psychotherapist. Anyone would have

Stack Sequential Algorithm to Analyse Adverse Drug Reaction

Stack Sequential Algorithm to Analyse Adverse Drug Reaction Amiya Kumar Tripathy, Nilakshi Joshi, Aslesha More, Divyadev Pillai, Amruni Waingankar Abstract— An adverse drug reaction (ADR) is ‘a response to a medicine which is noxious and unintended, and which occurs at doses normally used in human beings’. During the last decades it has been estimated that such adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are the 4th to 6th largest cause for mortality in different countries. They result in the death of several thousands of patients each year, and many more suffer from ADRs. The percentage of hospital admissions due to adverse drug reactions in some countries is about or more than 10%. In addition suitable services to treat ADRs impose a high financial burden on health care due to the hospital care of patients with drug related problems. Some countries spend up to 15-20% of their hospital budget dealing with drug complications. The existing scenario is manual, costly, not easily portable and the findings are not reported to the responsible authorities in timely manner. To overcome these flaws of the existing system, we propose a automated ADR detecting  system. This is an interactive system platform for detecting ADR from the specified combination of drugs. If ADR is detected , the system will suggest some appropriate combination of drugs which will solve the specified purpose. The detection part of ADR is done by using algorithms like Chi-Square, PRR (Proportionality Result Ratio), Combinational.(Which are already implemented). The solution part i.e, suggesting appropriate drug combination is implemented by Sequential decoding algorithms and the stack sequential algorithm. Keywords—Adverse Drug Reaction, Adverse Drug Event, Bayesian Confidence Propagation Neural Network, Information Component, Frequent Pattern, Online Analytical Processing Database , Operating System, Random Access Memory, Medicines and Healthcare pro ducts Regulatory Agency, World Health Organization. I. INTRODUCTION An adverse drug reaction (ADR) is an injury caused by taking medication.[1] ADRs may occur due to a single dose or long term administration of a drug or result from the combination of two or more drugs ,as this last expression might also imply that the effects can be beneficial.†ADE can be mainly caused from medication errors. A serious adverse event is any event that: Is fatal Is life-threatening Is permanently/significantly disabling Requires or longterm hospitalization Causes birth defects Requires intervention to prevent permanent impairment or damage II. RELATED WORK Study of design elements include exploration of relevant multiple outcomes (utilization and/or safety), sample size calculations, cohort accrual procedures, and the timing and method of data collection. The custom questionnaires can include those related risks potentially possible and identified, also missing information in RMPs or can be designed to address specific regulatory issues. Single data capture or multiple data capture phases enable abstraction of clinical information from medical chart review by prescribers responsible for treatment initiation in primary care, over a time frame relevant to study needs analysis plans can be tailored to address novel analytical issues and also convey thoughtful, appropriate, and comprehensive analysis of the data. Study reports have been prepared with scientific rigor to provide brief or in depth presentation of results relevant to the products safety and efficiency [4]. Before a medicine is granted a license it has to go through the strict tests and routine checks to ensure that it is acceptably safe and effective. All the medicines which are effective, can cause adverse drug reactions which in general term we say a side effect, which can range from a very minor occurrence to being very serious. For a medicine to be authorized licensed, the benefits of the medicine must satisfy all the possible conditions of the medicine causing adverse effects in patients. Many a times, it is not easy to identify if the side effect is due to a medicine, or something else. Even if it is only a suspicion that a medicine or combination of medicines has caused a side effect, the patients or doctors are asked to send the proper reports of the symptoms and drugs prescribed, to FDA. Reports received on suspected side effects are evaluated, with the information like clinical trial data, medical literature or data from international medicines regulators, for identifying previously unidentified safety issues or side effects[5]. In statistics, a confidence interval (CI) is a population parameter estimation and it indicates the reliability of an estimate. It is calculated from the observations, in principle differs from sample to sample. The frequently observed interval contains the parameter and is determined by the confidence level or confidence coefficient. Confidence intervals contains a range of values (interval) that act as best estimates of the unknown population parameter. However, in infrequent cases, none of these values may cover the value of the parameter. The level of confidence of the confidence interval would indicate the probability that the confidence range captures this true population parameter given a distribution of samples. The confidence interval contains the parameter values that, when tested, should not be rejected with the same sample. Greater levels of variance yield larger confidence intervals, and hence less precise estimates of the parameter. Confidence intervals of difference parameters not containing 0 imply that there is a statistically significant difference between the populations. III.SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE The database comprises of a combination of drugs-symptoms and the adverse drug reactions associated with them in particular. The database is a heterogeneous aggregation of the demographic, combination, drug, symptoms and reactions of ADRs. It previously consists of Information related to the drug description and attributes of the patient as well. After evaluating the patient info which involves the symptoms and the medicines the doctor has prescribed to that patient the working system would provide a safe case to the end user. These cases are consistent and can be further used by the Doctor/Pharmacist to prescribe the combinations. These safe cases would be ago ahead for the doctor about his prescription to that particular patient. These are tested cases and determine the validity of that doctor’s prescription. The probability of occurrence of an ADR and its detection for a new patient is our main goal. The input after being assessed derives a result of an ADR case. The occurrence of ADR means that the Doctor has to modify his combination of Drugs accordingly and convert an ADR case to a safe case. This should result in the doctor making changes that prove to be safe to the patient according to our system. The input given by the Doctor detecting an ADR case is then matched with the database in the available system. The Database already comprises of ADR cases found out, so when a current patient whose symptoms and the prescribed medicine by the doctor matches it leads to a ADR detection. Figure 1: System Architecture The doctor will give input to the system including the patients symptoms and the medicines prescribed by the doctor to that current patient .These information are the important factors for the detection of the ADR through the system. IV.SYSTEM FLOW Figure 2: System flow The System flow involves extracting the Database which includes the ADR cases and the safe cases. These cases are stored in the database and comprises of the drug-symptom combination. When a Doctor provides input to the system with the Symptoms and drugs, the system evaluates the validity using the PRR algorithm and provides a value which is then matched with the current records in the database of ADRs. In occurrences of safe case the doctor continues with his combination of medicines prescribed, but in the event of an ADR that is occurred the doctor realizes that a medical negligence could occur. To prevent such an occurrence he modifies his drug combination for the safety of the patient. V. EXPERIMENTAL SETUP For making experimental setup we have developed the structured database in XAMPP with MySQL and we have made front end in HTML for executing various queries. The database which we are using is the official database released by food and Drug Administration (FDA)[2]. The database is updated after every three months. Database consist complete information about Demographic data of patients, drug, indications, reactions, therapy ETC. data of 5000 patients was considered as test cases. The database which we have contains following: Drug information; Reaction information; Patient outcome information; Information on the source; Figure 3: database Screenshot This table shown below gives complete statistics about the test cases of adverse drug reaction received in various years. The test cases are reported by various hospitals, doctors, pharmacist, clinical researches, and drug manufacturers. This table shows the number of reports received by Food and Drug Association and entered into FDA Adverse Event Reporting System by type of report since the year 2003 until the end of the second quarter of 2012. Table 1: database statistics Table 1 provides information regarding the data that is present in the database[2]. Each year shows a number of new cases that were registered with the US FDA. Expedited Cases involve those which were reported as soon as it was detected. Direct Cases involve those which were reported by individuals/ independent medical practitioners. Non-expedited cases are those cases which were reported much after occurrence. The number of cases that were received by US FDA were much higher than those that were entered. Details regarding registered cases is available until the second quarter of the year 2012 only. VI. METHODS AND ALGORITHMS Proportionality Reporting Ratio (PRR) The PRR algorithm is a statistical method which is used to detect ADRs in Electronic health records and databases .The working of this algorithm relies on the fact that when an ADR (related to a particular event) is identified for a medicinal product (say medicinal product P), this adverse event is relatively reported more often in association with this product P than with any other products in the database. This gradual increase in the reporting of events for the medicinal product P in consideration is reflected in the table below based on the total number of cases stored in the database. Table 2: Contingency matrix for PRR In the table mentioned the elements calculated are the individual available cases in the available database .Therefore a given individual case may contribute to only a single cell of the table, where the cases refer to the multiple products or the adverse events[7] PRR= A/(A+B) C/(C+D) The general criteria to run the PRR are as follows: Value A is the number of cases with the defective medicinal product P involving an adverse event R. Value B is the number of cases related to the defective medicinal product P, involving any other adverse events but R. Value C is the number of cases involving event R in relation to any other medicinal products but P. Value D is the number of cases involving any other adverse events but R and any other medicinal products but P The system performs the calculations of the PRR on all the case counts instead of the ADRs to be chosen to keep the individuality between the variables used to calculate PRR so that the difference of the PRR will not be underestimated. The calculation of the PRR is done as follows: For evaluating given cases of nausea involving medicinal product ‘allopurinol l’ = 15% (e.g. 15 reports of diarrhea amongst a total of 100 reports reported with medicinal product ‘allopurino l’). For evaluating a given number of reports of nausea with other medicinal products in a database = 5%. Thus, the Proportionality Reporting Ratio is equal to 3 . The chi-square (χ2) statistics The Chi-square is a statistic, which is traditionally used in dis proportionality analyses. The Chi-square is used as an alternative measure of association between the medicinal product P and the adverse event R based on the following calculation:[8] X2= (AD-BC)2(A+B+C+D)/[(A+B)(C+D)(A+C)(B+D)] When the PRR is displayed with the X2 statistic : The PRR ≠¥ 2 The X2 ≠¥ 4 The number of indivisual cases greater or equal to 3. Stack Sequential We introduce the drug combination optimization algorithms and show how they relate to the algorithms used in sequential decoding. Fully factorial datasets, where every possible drug combination is tested, grow exponentially with the number of drugs (n). See Text S1 for the relevant equation and an example dataset. In computational terms we say that the complexity is O(an). The O-notation indicates the order of growth of an algorithm basic operation count as a function of the input size. An exponential growth is not practical for large n, therefore our aim is to find algorithms with improved efficiency, for example with a linear dependency on n, expressed as O(n). The problem of finding the optimal estimate of the encoded sequence is described as a walk through a tree. To appreciate the analogy with the search for the optimal drug combination, the tree shown in Figure 4 can be compared with the trees used in one of the original descriptions of the stack sequential algorithm [14]. An alternative version of the tree, the ‘‘trellis’’ depiction shown in Figure 5, eliminates nodes representing redundant drug-dose combinations. The stack is a sorted list of all examined combinations (best on top). Notations : A1= BACITRACIN A2= KADCYLA B1= ERYTHROMYCIN B2= RAMIPRIL S1 – the process initially contains only the list of the measurements in the absence of any drug (the root of the tree of Figure 4). Figure.4 Tree representation of the data S2 The parsing begins from the top of the sorted list. After the search completes it moves one level up in the braches of figure 4. Combinations already used are ignored for future extensions. S3 – Once the combination reaches its maximum size , the parsing ends. This is similar to reaching the top of the tree of Figure 4. Since we consider the best combination, instead of best path, we do not delete any combination from the processed list. When we find a combination been already used, we move to the next combination in the sorted list. We do not combine different doses of the same drug with each other, to limit the size of the search, but this is not an essential feature as shown in Figure 2,. The algorithm is efficient in searching combinations in which the outcome is not purely additive, because it overcomes non-linearities by backtracking to nodes in the tree. Figure.5 Trellis-like representation showing combination of the data. S1 Examine all drugs based on strength, doses and rank. S2 The best drug combination is saved from the processed list. S3 Select the best single drug and call it Cbest. S4 Take the Combination of Cbest with all other drugs, increasing the drug size by 1, measure the biological scores, and store the list of drugs of this size. At this step the algorithm moves one level upwards in the tree of Figure 4. S5 If the new combinations scores better than Cbest, this combination is used as the new Cbest and return to previous step. If no new combination scores better than Cbest, backtrack to the next best combination in the previous size, mark it as Cbest and return to the previous step. S6 Backtrack value should be limited to a specific value. S7 Repeat S4 to S6 till we find that the maximum size for the combinations is reached. VII. CONCLUSION In this system, by using PRR in association with Chi-Square, an attempt has been made to help and assist the doctors/pharmacists to perform safe drug evaluation. An experimental study using test cases and combinations from a doctor was performed and the results obtained were very promising. The system proposes a unique method for correcting the prescribed combination of drugs in case of an ADR event occurrence using Stack Sequential. The possibility of vast Patient Record data available allows for extracting the results available to the system. The approach used in this paper can be to provide an impetus and improve existing systems that provide detect Adverse Drug Reactions. In the field of Pharmaceutical and medical diagnosis, there is always the scope for uncertainty. This system has been built to provide a naà ¯ve and safe understanding of the drug combinations on the experience of doctors only, so there will always be a scope for ambiguous or uncertain diagnosis. The developed system does not give a 100% accurate results as not even the doctors can claim to do so; however, its results are promising. It can be used as a tool to complement the doctors’ knowledge and could assist them to reach a conclusion. The system will give the doctor an upper hand to decide whether to use the results evaluated from the algorithm and prevent an ADR. By using this system, many essential results can be obtained, thus reducing the effects of wrong prescriptions to some extent. With the support of various medicinal and pharmaceutical practitioners and hospitals, higher probability of getting the positive results right can be obtained. With an extensive database of medical records to mine from, this could be useful to build helpful medical assistance software that can be of great use to all doctors and pharmacists using this system. The system will also help the medical fraternity in the future by helping them in providing safer medical assistance to the patients and doctors. VIII. REFERENCES [1] Search Algorithms as a Framework for the Optimization of Drug Combinations Diego Calzolari1., Stefania Bruschi1., Laurence Coquin1, Jennifer Schofield1, Jacob D. Feala2, John C. Reed1, Andrew D. McCulloch2, Giovanni Paternostro1,2* 1 Burnham Institute for Medical Research, La Jolla, California, United States of America, 2 Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America. [2] Safety of Medicines A guide to detecting and reporting adverse drug reactions. [3] Statistical methods for knowledge discovery in adverse drug reaction surveillance G. Niklas Norà ©n. [4] Adverse drug reactions: definitions, diagnosis, and management I Ralph Edwards, Jeffrey K Aronson [5] MANUAL OF OPERATIONS ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS ONLINE REPORTING SYSTEM (ADORS) [6] An Information Technology Architecture for Drug Effectiveness Reporting and Post-Marketing Surveillance -Surendra Sarnikar , Amar Gupta, Ray Woosley(2006). [7] A multi-agent intelligent system for detecting unknown adverse drug reactions through communication and collaboration -Ayman Mohammad Mansour Wayne State University(2012) [8] ADRTrace: Detecting Expected and Unexpected Adverse Drug Reactions from User Reviews on Social Media Sites Andrew Yates, Nazli Goharian [9] Detect adverse drug reactions for the drug Pravastatin. Yihui Liul ‘Institute of Intelligent Information Processing,’ Shandong Polytechnic University, China(2012)

Del Rio Foods Analysis Essay -- Business Analysis

Del Rio was established in 1933, and it is located in California. Its owners are Bob and Maria. Del Rio is an agricultural business where processed canned products and fresh produce are sold. Both owners have the same agricultural background which is why they are doing this business. They are running Del Rio successfully. When the world was going through a great depression, many businesses had tough time to survive. However, Del Rio Foods, Inc. was in stable condition even though they did not make a lot of money. From 1987 to 1990, their Income Statement shows that they had a steady increase in their net income each year. The CEO’s objective is to expand his business as far as into east coast. Del Rio acquired a couple of farms and built them as its main facility and a distributor. Joint venture was formed with few wholesalers and retail stores. Additionally, Cape Fear and Wilmington plants were bought to increase productivity. The mission statement, SWOT analysis, and action plan are discussed further. The vision of the CEO is to go as far as into east coast. Bob is planning to buy additional farm lands to grow more fresh produce to increase the sales. This will welcome new customers, suppliers, retailers, and wholesalers. Also, there will be more job openings to public. People will find positions in various departments or whatever post they are capable of doing it. More people there are to work, faster the jobs get done. Of course, Del Rio will get more business from its customers, retailers, and wholesalers when they see that this company is the only one that gets the job done quickly. Bob also wants to remodel, repair, and keep his plants neat and clean. After making some improvements, it will build comp... ...epartments where needed. His strategy and vision for the company will determine where everyone will focus their efforts. The CEO needs to create a corporate culture. His culture will determine what people should be doing and what should do not be trying. He can decide who will stay, who will leave, and how the job will get done. Culture starts with the boss. He can decide how he wants people to act and start modeling the behavior publicly. STOPPED HERE†¦!!!:)ïÆ'Ÿ Capital allocation. Every dollar you raise and spend should produce more than $1 of return for the company, or it’s a waste of money. Learn how to make these judgements. Hiring and Firing. The job of executives is primarily team and culture building. Hiring and firing are must-have skills. Read, take classes, and review past hiring successes and mistakes. Do whatever you can to hone your abilities.

Independence air was a low cost air line

Independence air was a low cost air line that was owned by FLYi, Inc who had their headquarters in Virginia. Independence air operated from the year 1989 and it’s stopped its operations in 2006. Independence air mainly focused on the East Coast and the West coast.The route network of independence air was based in Washington Dulles international airport. Unfortunately the company ceased its operation on January 5th 2006 at 8:24 p.m.The company (independence air) had been in Chapter 11 bankruptcy from 7th 2005 there were some discussion that was taking place, which people thought would have saved Independence air but that did not happen.Explanation of Independence Air business planAtlantic Coast Airlines is the predecessor of Independence air line. The independence air line company started has Atlantic Coast Airlines in 15th December 1989. It (Atlantic Coast Airline) was operating a feeder services as United Express for Delta Connection and United Air lines.United with drew from contract after disagreement with Atlantic Coast. This forced Atlantic company to reinvent itself to a low cost independence air. The main objective of independence airline was to come with an air carrier with bargain base, off beat and a friendly service (Sharkey 2006)The 4 Ps for the independence airliner is: For their Promotion – independence airliner carried out intensive promotion even before it was launched. On 20th May 2004, before they inaugurated their first flight, they signed a three year deal with Washington Redskins; the company was to become the official sponsor of Washington Redskins.This was a marketing strategy for independence. In the summer of the year 2005 independence air line offered College students a Glide Summer travel pass.After paying two hundred and fifty US dollars Customers were to fly free (after paying airport fees and taxes) from May 1st to August 31st on Saturdays, Wednesdays and Tuesday. This was not geared towards getting any revenue, it wa s purely meant to have customers fill in the empty seats.The company also invested on a fleet of twenty promotional vehicles, which they dubbed â€Å"Jet trucks†. They modified pick ups trucks and painted them in airline’s livery and on the trucks bed they attached an aircraft tail.The company also had some humorous touches which it added to flying experience like the company replaced the flight attendant safety announcement   with a version of celebrities such   Mary Matalin and James Carville which had earlier on been pre recorded.On their Pricing, the company opted for a lower price as compared to their competitors, this was mainly meant to attract customers. They finally succeeded in attracting more customers, such that at their peak they were operating 600 flights on a daily basis.Their pricing strategy was one of the factors that some scholars argued that failed, because whenever the price of fuel roused, they didn’t adjust their prices. When it comes to Place, Independence air mainly focused on the East Coast and the West coast. The route network of independence air was based in Washington Dulles international airport.The company had many diverse Products in terms of the type of airplane that they were operating. Independence airline operated the following airplanes CRJ200, Bombardier, British aerospace jet stream 4100 turbo prop and several air buses.   (Williamson 2006 pp 19 -26).Independence air line had many strengths and weaknesses.   Some of its weakness was: the company was faced with a lot of competition from its competitors who were charging a higher price for their ticket as compared to Independence airline examples of some of their competitors were United air line. The second weakness is that the company failed to undertake a more intensive promotion; this made them to loose some of their customers to united airline.Lastly some critics also point out that the management of independent airline was also not effectiv e. Some of its strength were the   company had a lot of capital that they invested,   the company had a sales and marketing team that was creative lastly lowering the prices of their services was also a strength to them because it made them to attract more customers.While carrying out their Environmental and market assessment the company carried extensive studies on some of the companies that they thought will be their competitors.These gave them an idea on how the market is and how they were going to enter into the market. Independence air line believed that it could easily prosper on its own because of the strategy that they were going to use to enter the market. They were confident that by reducing the prices of their services they will be able to attract more customers (French 2004)

Tips for Reporters Covering Accidents and Natural Disasters

Accidents and disasters – everything from plane and train crashes to earthquakes, tornadoes and tsunamis – are some of the hardest stories to cover. Reporters at the scene must gather information under very difficult circumstances, and produce stories on very tight deadlines. Covering such an event requires all of a reporter’s training and experience. But if you keep in mind the lessons youve learned and the skills youve acquired, covering an accident or a disaster can be a chance to really test yourself as a reporter, and to do some of your best work. So here are 10 tips to keep in mind. 1. Keep Your Cool Disasters are stressful situations. After all, a disaster means something horrible has happened on a very large scale. Many of the people at the scene, especially victims, will be distraught. It’s the reporter’s job in such a situation to keep a cool, clear head. 2. Learn Fast Reporters covering disasters often have to take in a lot of new information very quickly. For instance, you may not know much about planes, but if you’re suddenly called upon to help cover a plane crash, you’re going to have to learn as much as you can – fast. 3. Take Detailed Notes Take detailed notes about everything you learn, including things that seem insignificant. You never know when small details might become critical to your story. 4. Get Plenty of Description Readers will want to know what the scene of the disaster looked like, sounded like, smelled like. Get the sights, sounds and smells in your notes. Think of yourself as a camera, recording every visual detail you can. 5. Find the Officials in Charge In the aftermath of a disaster, there will usually be dozens of emergency responders on the scene – firefighters, police, EMTs, and so on. Find the person who’s in charge of the emergency response. That official will have a big-picture overview of what’s happening and will be a valuable source. 6. Get Eyewitness Accounts Information from emergency authorities is great, but you need to also get quotes from people who saw what happened. Eyewitness accounts are invaluable for a disaster story. 7. Interview Survivors – If Possible It’s not always possible to interview survivors of a disaster immediately after the event. Often they’re being treated by EMTs or being debriefed by investigators. But if survivors are available, try your best to interview them. But remember, disaster survivors have just survived a traumatic event. Be tactful and sensitive with your questions and general approach. And if they say they don’t want to talk, respect their wishes. 8. Find the Heroes In nearly every disaster there are heroes who emerge - people who bravely and selflessly jeopardize their own safety in order to help others. Interview them. 9. Get the Numbers Disaster stories are often about numbers - how many people were killed or injured, how much property was destroyed, how fast the plane was traveling, etc. Remember to gather these for your story, but only from reliable sources - the officials in charge at the scene. 10. Remember the Five W’s and the H As you do your reporting, remember what’s critical to any news story – the who, what, where, when, why and how. Keeping those elements in mind will help to ensure that you gather all the information you need for your story.